Abstract—The research and development of fractal antenna led to produce good multiple wireless applications. Fractal Sausage Minkowski Square Patch Antenna is promising as one of the popular fractal square patch antenna in modern applications. Both of civil and military applications in telecommunication witnessed high demand on fractal antenna. In our work, the proposed fractal antennas were designed to operate in L- band 1.575 GHz for Global Positioning System (GPS) applications. We present 0th, 1st, 2nd and 3rd iteration of new fractal sausage Minkowski design and simulation to reduce SAR levels using CST software 2014. Roger TMM4 is used as substrate with εr of 4.5 and thickness of 1.6 mm. Radiating patch is formed of PEC and a thickness of 0.6 mm. SAR level is measured for fractal antenna where the level of SAR is reduced by factor of 19.51 for 1 g and 11.30 for 10 gs for human head tissue. Furthermore, our calculations indicate that the patch antenna size is miniaturized by factor of 2.53. According to our knowledge RF performance is very good for the size miniaturization and SAR reduction for the four models of iterations so, antenna is efficient and can be used as candidate for GPS applications. 
 

Index Terms—Specific Absorbing Rate (SAR), Sausage Minkowski, Iteration Fractal Antenna, Square Patch Antenna (SPA), Gain

Cite: Riyadh Khlf Ahmed and Israa H. Ali, " SAR Level Reduction Based on Fractal Sausage Minkowski Square Patch Antenna," Journal of Communications, vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 82-87, 2018. Doi: 10.12720/jcm.14.1.82-87