Abstract—With the gradual formation of the commercialization of the fifth-generation communication technology, the Internet of Vehicles technology has developed rapidly, and the vehicle to infrastructure (V2I) network technology is an important part of the Internet of Vehicles. In high-altitude and mountainous areas, the communication quality of the V2I network is not only affected by terrain, but forest vegetation will also cause greater propagation loss. Aiming at the influence of vegetation in high-altitude and mountainous complex environment on the propagation loss of V2I network, this paper establishes an equivalent model of vegetation in high-altitude and mountainous areas, and analyzes the relationship between propagation loss, propagation distance and frequency of transmitting antenna. At the same time, through digital elevation model (DEM) data and triangulated irregular network (TIN), MATLAB was used to simulate the communication coverage of V2I network in the complex area covered by vegetation, and the influence of vegetation on the propagation loss of V2I network in high altitude and mountainous areas was obtained. In the future, constructing the Internet of Vehicles in a complex environment, the results of research in this article will provide a scientific basis for network quality with high reliability and low latency.
 

Index Terms—High altitude and mountainous areas, V2I network, vegetation, propagation loss